List Of African Countries Colonized By Britain

The history of Africa is marked by a significant period of colonization by various European powers, including Britain, Spain, France, Italy, and Portugal. These colonial experiences have left a lasting impact on the continent’s culture, politics, and development. In this article, we will explore a comprehensive list of African countries that were colonized by these European nations and eventually regained their independence.

African Countries Colonized by European Powers:

The colonization of Africa began in the 1700s when European nations embarked on expeditions to explore the continent’s coastlines and establish trade routes. Over time, these initial incursions evolved into full-fledged colonization efforts. By the late 19th century, most of modern-day Africa had come under European rule, with only a few countries remaining independent.

Here is a list of African countries that were colonized by European powers and the dates they gained their independence:

  1. Algeria – Colonizer: France, Independence: July 5th, 1962
  2. Angola – Colonizer: Portugal, Independence: November 11th, 1975
  3. Benin – Colonizer: France, Independence: August 1st, 1960
  4. Botswana – Colonizer: Britain, Independence: September 30th, 1966
  5. Burkina Faso – Colonizer: France, Independence: August 5th, 1960
  6. Burundi – Colonizer: Belgium, Independence: July 1st, 1962
  7. Cameroon – Colonizer: French-administered UN trusteeship, Independence: January 1st, 1960
  8. Cape Verde – Colonizer: Portugal, Independence: July 5th, 1975
  9. Central African Republic – Colonizer: France, Independence: August 13th, 1960
  10. Chad – Colonizer: France, Independence: August 11th, 1960
  11. Comoros – Colonizer: France, Independence: July 6th, 1975
  12. Congo – Colonizer: France, Independence: August 15th, 1960
  13. Democratic Republic of Congo (Congo DR) – Colonizer: Belgium, Independence: June 30th, 1960
  14. Cote d’Ivoire – Colonizer: France, Independence: August 7th, 1960
  15. Djibouti – Colonizer: France, Independence: June 27th, 1977
  16. Egypt – Colonizer: Britain, Independence: February 28th, 1922
  17. Equatorial Guinea – Colonizer: Spain, Independence: October 12th, 1968
  18. Eritrea – Colonizer: Ethiopia, Independence: May 24th, 1993
  19. Ethiopia – Not colonized, over 2000 years of history
  20. Gabon – Colonizer: France, Independence: August 17th, 1960

Conclusion

The history of Africa’s colonization by European powers is a complex and significant chapter that has shaped the continent’s trajectory. While many African countries have since gained their independence and reclaimed their sovereignty, the effects of colonization continue to influence various aspects of their societies. Understanding this history is crucial for comprehending Africa’s present challenges and aspirations as it strives for progress and development.

FAQs

Which African countries were colonized by Britain?

Several African countries were colonized by Britain during the colonial era. These include Nigeria, Ghana (formerly Gold Coast), Kenya, Uganda, South Africa, Zambia (formerly Northern Rhodesia), Zimbabwe (formerly Southern Rhodesia), Malawi (formerly Nyasaland), Sierra Leone, The Gambia, Botswana (formerly Bechuanaland), Sudan (in conjunction with Egypt), and parts of Somalia.

Why did Britain colonize so many African countries?

Britain colonized African countries primarily for economic gain, political influence, and strategic purposes. The Industrial Revolution created a demand for raw materials and new markets, while imperial competition with other European powers encouraged Britain to secure as much territory as possible during the “Scramble for Africa.”

What was the impact of British colonization on African countries?

British colonization had long-lasting impacts on African countries, including the introduction of Western education, legal systems, and infrastructure. However, it also led to the exploitation of resources, suppression of local cultures and traditions, and socio-political challenges that many countries still face today.

When did most British colonies in Africa gain independence?

Most British colonies in Africa gained independence between the late 1950s and the 1970s. Ghana was the first to gain independence in 1957, followed by countries like Nigeria in 1960, Kenya in 1963, and Zimbabwe in 1980. The wave of decolonization was influenced by global political shifts and strong nationalist movements within the colonies.

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